Orientation Architecture Engineering for Enhanced Electromagnetic Wave Absorption and Active–Passive Infrared Camouflage Performances

Abstract Orientation architecture engineering is a novel strategy focusing on regulation of microstructure with specific space configuration and arrangement, which can cause strong electromagnetic response, exhibiting a massive potential in improving electromagnetic wave absorption performance. However, the microscopic mechanism by which the orientation architecture regulates dielectric properties is currently lacking but significantly desired. Herein, a series of iron fibers/chitosan‐derived carbon (IFs/CG) aerogels with different orientation architectures are prepared by multi‐field regulation strategy combining temperature and magnetic field. The head‐to‐tail configuration of ordered IFs along the oriented carbon walls enhances the dielectric behavior including charge migration and dielectric polarization, achieving an effective absorption bandwidth of 8.3 GHz and a minimal reflection loss of −54.7 dB. The influence mechanisms of electric field orientation on conduction and polarizability of ordered IFs/CG aerogels are revealed by establishing two‐dipole models and applying electron jump model, respectively. More importantly, the ordered IFs along the carbon walls not only reduce the thermal conductivity in the vertical heat source direction, but also form a heat conduction channel in the parallel heat source direction, exhibiting excellent infrared camouflage performance. This study provides an effective strategy for multi‐spectra camouflage that can counter the multiband surveillance.