A Study of Expression of SATB2 Protein In Colorectal Adenocarcinoma And Its Correlation With Clinicopathological Parameters

Background: Colorectal cancer is the third most common cancer in the world and second most common in terms of mortality. Disease progression is associated with tumour invasion and metastasis; therefore, it is essential to recognise the associated protein involved in tumour progression. SATB2 (Special AT-rich Sequence-Binding Protein 2) is a highly specific marker for colorectal tissue. Decreased expression of SATB2 is associated with poor prognosis. This study aimed to evaluate the histomorphology characteristics, immunohistochemical expression of SATB2, and its correlation with clinicopathological parameters in colorectal adenocarcinoma. Materials & Methods: The cross-sectional study was conducted in the Department of Pathology, MMCH&RI, Kanchipuram, India, in the period between October - 2023 to May 2024. 60 cases of colorectal adenocarcinoma were included in the study. Formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissue sections were subjected to immunohistochemical staining using SATB2-specific antibodies. Data analysis was done using software-statistical package for social sciences (SPSS, version 26). Results: Among the total 60 specimens, SATB2 expression was observed in 65% of cases, more than half 55%(n=33) were male and 65% (n= 39) were left side tumours. G3 tumors are more likely to be SATB2 negative. Majority of cases with reduced SATB2 expression show lymphovascular invasion and regional lymph node metastasis. Conclusion: The results of this study demonstrates that diminished expression of SATB2 is correlated with regional lymph node metastasis, lymphovascular invasion and increased tumor grading, all of which serve as indicators of unfavorable prognosis. These findings help clinicians in stratifying patient risk and facilitate treatment approaches, such as incorporating adjuvant chemotherapy.