The Overlooked Role of Iron Deficiency in Neuropathic Pain: A Case Report and Review

Abstract Neuropathic pain, a chronic condition caused by nervous system damage, is often linked to trauma, surgery, or chemotherapy. Recently, iron deficiency has been explored as a contributing factor in cases resistant to standard treatments. Iron is essential for adenosine triphosphate production and neurotransmitter synthesis, both critical for nerve function and pain regulation. This case report involves a 61-year-old woman with severe vaginal pain following breast cancer treatment. Despite multiple interventions, including nerve blocks and neuropathic medications, her pain persisted. On discovering severe iron deficiency, intravenous iron and Vitamin B12 therapy were administered, leading to a significant and satisfactory pain reduction, sustained for 9 months. This case highlights the often-overlooked role of iron deficiency in neuropathic pain and emphasizes the need to assess iron and B12 levels in chronic pain management. Further research is needed to understand the underlying mechanisms and develop treatment guidelines.