ANALYSIS OF TECHNOLOGICAL SCHEMES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF ETHANOL AND ITS CO-PRODUCTS FROM LIGNOCELLULOSE-CONTAINING RAW MATERIALS (REVIEW)

The creation of a cost–effective technology for processing lignocellulose-containing raw materials into ethanol and high-value-added products is an urgent topic that is widely discussed in the scientific literature. The purpose of this article is to recommend the most optimal schemes for reducing the cost of bioethanol based on the analysis of new known technological schemes for the production of ethanol with complex processing of lignocellulose-containing raw materials into various products, their technological assessment. The objectives of the study include the selection of the most effective solutions for the production of ethanol and co-products from hemicelluloses and lignin based on the analysis of new known technological schemes and technologies. This article analyzes 5 technological schemes for the production of ethanol, one of which is industrial for the processing of woodworking and logging waste into ethanol, and all the other schemes under consideration are based on waste from annual lignocellulose-containing plant raw materials. 2 groups of these wastes are identified and, based on the analysis of literary sources, 2 optimal technological schemes for their processing are given. The first technological scheme is simple environmentally friendly with a closed water use cycle for the disposal of annual crop production waste for farms with the production of the following three products: bio-feed for animals, bioorganomineral fertilizer and biogas. The second scheme is for industrial enterprises processing annual vegetable raw materials and having lignocellulose-containing waste, producing ethanol and its co-products: xylitol or xylooligosaccharides - prebiotics.