The Cosmological Constant (s) vs. the Evolution of Our Black Hole Universe

The necessity of an ad-hoc repulsive cosmological constant in the standard treatment of cosmology is questioned. The time dependent age of the Universe is considered and shown to be accounted for by the black hole model without such a term. Elementary considerations, backed up by explicit calculations, are used to confirm the black hole nature of our Universe. Consideration of the Hubble parameter in terms of cosmological quantities backs up this picture, requiring matter creation. This implies that at present times the Universe can be conceived as a gigantic vacuum fluctuation, evolution from the one at the Planck era. The repulsive force attributed to the cosmological constant is accounted for by the energy conservation of the model. Thus the dramatic difference between the present matter density and its estimate, essentially corresponding to the Planck one, find here a natural justification. This solves the cosmological constant problem.