Spatial Analysis of the Cholera Epidemic: Outbreak and Death

Background Cholera is a global threat that occurs as a result of weak public health. The aim of the data re-analysis study was spatial modeling of cholera outbreak and mortality. Methods Data on the outbreak and mortality of cholera was obtained from the website of the World Health Organization. The database was created using ArcGIS software and statistical tests and related maps were extracted. Getis-Ord-Gi statistic was used for this purpose during the years 2000-2021. Results The hot spots in 2000 were mainly found in Africa, and during the years 2010-2013 were shifted to the American continent (Haiti), and the cold spots were concentrated in European countries (Getis-Ord-Gi / Sig = 90%, 95%, 99%). In total, the cholera deaths were 81241 which constituted to be as follows: Africa 80.64%, America 12.48%, Asia 6.68% and Oceania 0.18%. One death was reported in Europe. The maximum deaths were reported in 2010 (7826) and minimum in 2020 (839). In recent years, the trend of cholera outbreaks and deaths has been declining over the last 10 years. Conclusion According to WHO, continuous reporting is required in developing countries for correct strategy. This study allows health planners and managers to visually assess, inform, and quickly identify cholera-related death centers using geographical information system (GIS) software.