Alkylammonium Salt as Additives to Expand the Processing Window of Wide‐Bandgap Perovskite Solar Cells Made in Ambient Air
Wide-bandgap (WBG) perovskites are critical for advancing tandem solar cell technology, yet their fabrication remains constrained by narrow processing windows and environmental instability. A synergistic alkylammonium salt additive strategy coupled with a mild gas-flow-assisted crystallization method is presented to produce ambient-air-processed WBG perovskite solar cells (PSCs) with improved reproducibility and scalability. Co-utilizing long-chain alkylammonium chlorides (xACls) and methylammonium chloride (MACl) reduced gas-flow speed requirements while expanding the crystallization kinetics window, suppressing non-radiative recombination and defects, which are verified by fluorescence lifetime imaging microscopy (FLIM), in situ UV-vis spectroscopy, and XRD. High-quality Cs<sub>0.2</sub>FA<sub>0.8</sub>PbI<sub>2.3</sub>Br<sub>0.7</sub> films are successfully prepared under a low gas flow speed (≈2.7 m s<sup>-1</sup>), which is much lower than the traditional gas quenching method (>26 m s<sup>-1</sup>). Cs<sub>0.2</sub>FA<sub>0.8</sub>PbI<sub>2.3</sub>Br<sub>0.7</sub> solar cells made by using 12ACl/MACl additives yielded a champion power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 19.72% (V<sub>oc</sub>: 1.238 V), which is among the highest efficiency for WBG PSCs made in ambient air. This method has the advantages of high humidity tolerance (PCE >19% for cells made under 20-65% RH), compatibility with cost-effective fan drying, elimination of anti-solvents, and >70% inert gas-flow intensity reduction, establishing an eco-friendly scalable protocol that bridges lab-to-industry translation for high-performance WBG PSCs.
Authors
- Ke Jin (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7697-0466)
- Jiaonan Sun (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4102-0564)
- Chenyi Yi (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6383-7383)
- Feng Hao
- Liming Ding (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6437-9150)
- Chuantian Zuo (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4327-0855)
- Keyou Yan (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4380-7325)
- Junqiao Ding (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7719-6599)
- Yong Ding (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4921-0979)
- Aurora Rizzo (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4570-7777)
- Jingjing Chang (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3773-182X)
- Fei Long (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3575-1819)
- Menglan Lv (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4516-9323)
- Jilin Wang
- Jing Lv (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2445-1864)
- Yuanhang Cheng
Institutions
- Guangdong University of Technology (CN)
- Xidian University (CN)
- University of Electronic Science and Technology of China (CN)
- Hohai University (CN)
- City University of Hong Kong (HK)
- Guizhou University (CN)
- Yunnan University (CN)
- Nanjing University of Science and Technology (CN)
- Guilin University of Technology (CN)
- Istituto di Nanotecnologia (IT)
- National Center for Nanoscience and Technology (CN)
- South China University of Technology (CN)
- Tsinghua University (CN)
Publication Details
- Journal
- Small
- Published
- 2025-04-25
- DOI
- https://doi.org/10.1002/smll.202503214
- Citations
- 13
- Primary Topic
- Perovskite Materials and Applications
- Type
- article
- Field-Weighted Citation Impact
- 9.50
Funders
- National Key Research and Development Program of China