Inflammatory biomarkers of periodontitis in e-cigarette smokers. A scoping review.

Background: Periodontitis, a chronic inflammatory disease of multifactorial origin, may be modulated by the use of electronic cigarettes, reflecting its impact on the levels of inflammatory biomarkers. Objective: to select and analyze the current scientific evidence regarding variations in the levels of periodontitis biomarkers in e-cigarette smoking patients. Methods: we included studies that evaluated periodontitis biomarkers in crevicular fluid and saliva of e-cigarette smoking patients. Results: it was found that the use of electronic cigarettes alters the levels of certain biomarkers of inflammation compared to non-smoking patients, increasing the levels of TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-15, IL-18,IL-6, MMP-8 and CTX and reducing the levels of IL-10 and IL- 1RA. Conclusion: the use of electronic cigarettes alters the levels of certain biomarkers of inflammation compared to non- smoking patients, supporting the hypothesis that their use represents an increased risk for periodontitis.