Interactions between mycotoxins and gut microbiota in chickens - review

This article briefly highlights the complex relationships between the chicken gastrointestinal tract (GIT) microbial communities and mycotoxins. The gut microbiota, the diverse community of microorganisms that reside in the GIT, plays a crucial role in the overall health and well-being of chickens. The mycotoxins can alter gut microbiota composition, leading to potential health issues in poultry. The interactions between mycotoxins and gut microbiota in chickens are complex and significant for poultry health. Mycotoxins are toxic compounds produced by fungi that contaminate feed and can adversely affect the GIT of chickens. The gut serves as the primary site for mycotoxin exposure. Mycotoxins can disrupt gut microbiota composition, leading to dysbiosis, increased gut permeability, and compromised immune function. Mycotoxins can alter the gut microbiota by exerting antimicrobial effects, which may lead to a reduction in beneficial microbial populations and an increase in pathogenic bacteria. This dysbiosis can result in health issues, including gastrointestinal dysfunction, malnutrition, and decreased growth performance. Conversely, gut microbiota can also influence the toxicity of mycotoxins through biotransformation processes, potentially converting them into less harmful metabolites or, in some cases, activating them into more toxic forms. The gut microbiota can significantly influence chicken health and mycotoxin toxicity. Proper feed storage and handling can minimize mycotoxin contamination. Mycotoxin binders like activated carbon or clay can neutralize toxins, while probiotics can support a healthy gut microbiota to mitigate mycotoxin effects. Additionally, antioxidants such as vitamin E and balanced nutrient diets can reduce oxidative stress and the overall impact of mycotoxins on gut health