Environmental Assessment of Dust Pollution in Point-Pattern Housing Development

In megacities, the rapid development of construction entails threats to the environment, in particular, to the health of urban residents. One of the main sources of danger is microscopic dust particles PM2.5 and PM10, resulting from construction projects that can seriously impair people’s health. To minimize these risks, it is necessary to actively implement control over the level of dust in the air and carry out scientific work to study the impact of construction on the environment. These measures should become mandatory aspects in the planning of modern cities, given that the degree of air pollution in large cities has already reached critical levels. In modern megacities, where development is intensive and, in some places, very dense, there is a key importance of environmental audit of territories intended for construction, for creating effective and safe development projects. The lack of adequate risk control during the construction stages can lead not only to emergencies, but also have a harmful impact on the natural environment. It is worth noting that environmental hazards can vary significantly depending on the unique characteristics of each specific construction site. As a result of an in-depth analysis of the ecological state of the region, which included an assessment of various levels of pollution and their impact on the health of residents, it was found that intensive construction in some areas of the city significantly worsens the ecological situation. In particular, it was found that the level of dust pollution in areas with active construction exceeds the regulatory indicators by two times, which indicates a serious environmental problem. These data highlight the need for targeted actions to improve air quality and reduce harmful air emissions. Thus, the study raises the alarm about the point-pattern housing development as a source of high environmental danger and underlines the development of strategies for air purification in the city. The PM10 contamination level was 671.6 micrograms per cubic meter, while PM2.5 was at 368.2 micrograms per cubic meter. These data indicate that the main cause of pollution is local dust exposure.