Understanding polycystic ovarian syndrome and its association with menstrual dysfunction and body fat distribution: A comparative study

Polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) is one of the most common metabolic-endocrine disorder among the women and is associated with wide variety of manifestations like hyperandrogenism (hirsutism, acne, alopecia), menstrual disturbance, infertility, obesity, type II diabetes mellitus, dyslipidaemia, hypertension, etc. The present study is an endeavour to understand the prevalence of Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome and also to examine its association with menstrual dysfunction and body fat patterning among the Hindu and Muslim women of Kolkata, West Bengal, India. This cross-sectional study included 723 (371 Hindus and 352 Muslims), Bengali women aged between 15 and 30 years. Principal Component Analysis (PCA) and Multiple linear regression was used to determine the predictors of premenstrual symptoms. The result shows that menstrual characteristics differed significantly between the Hindu and Muslims participants (PCOS and Non PCOS). Among Hindus only waist circumference is a significant predictor of the premenstrual syndrome score while among the Muslims, waist circumference, cycle length and weight are the significant predictor of the premenstrual syndrome score. Thus, understanding premenstrual syndrome (PMS) as a multifaceted biopsychosocial phenomenon, it is essential to underscore the importance of adopting a comprehensive approach to address its complexities. • Polycystic ovary syndrome is linked to obesity, type 2 diabetes, and high androgens. • Menstrual irregularity in polycystic ovary syndrome is common and signals early diagnosis. • Premenstrual symptoms like pain, anxiety, and poor sleep worsen in polycystic ovary syndrome due to body fat. • Urban lifestyle, diet, stress, and culture can affect premenstrual symptoms.