Comparative Impact Assessement of Energy Storage Systems on Frequency Regulation with Various Operating Strategies under ABT

This paper investigates the comparative impact assessment of energy storage systems on frequency regulation with various operating strategies under Availability Based Tariff in an isolated power system having generation from thermal, wind and wave energy sources along with various energy storage systems(ESS) — Superconducting Magnetic Energy Storage (SMES), Supercapacitor Energy Storage (SCES), Redox Flow Battery (RFB), and Flywheel Energy Storage — for mitigating frequency deviations. Simulation studies in MATLAB/Simulink were conducted to evaluate key performance under dynamic operating conditions. Results reveal that SMES and RFB exhibit relatively better response with minimal overshoot (≤ 0.001 Hz), negligible undershoot, and least instantaneous settling time, making them appropriate for rapid frequency stabilization. SCES also demonstrates effective performance, albeit with slight oscillations due to its slower discharge rate. The analysis emphasizes the critical role of ESS technologies in enhancing the frequency regulation under different operating strategies under ABT. This study provides insights into the preliminary selection and integration of ESS in modern power systems, contributing to the reliable and stable grid operations amidst increasing renewable energy penetration.