Hybrid PV and Battery-Powered Inverter for BLDC Speed Control with Hall Effect Feedback

This paper presents an optimized control strategy for a Brushless DC (BLDC) motor driven by a photovoltaic (PV) system, incorporating Maximum Power Point Tracking (MPPT) using the Perturb and Observe (P&O) method, Field-Oriented Control (FOC), and battery storage. The Proportional-Integral (PI) controller for motor speed regulation is optimized using the Bat Algorithm (BA), improving performance metrics such as settling time, steady-state error, rise time, and overshoot. Hall Effect sensors provide accurate rotor position and speed feedback, enabling precise commutation and control. The MPPT algorithm ensures maximum power extraction from the PV panel under varying sunlight conditions, while a DC-DC boost converter increases the voltage. to the necessary level for the BLDC motor. The battery storage system ensures continuous operation during periods of low solar input. Simulation results indicate that this design effectively harnesses solar energy, providing stable motor operation under changing load and irradiance conditions. It is well-suited for applications such as electric vehicles, water pumping systems, and robotics, offering a sustainable off-grid power solution for BLDC motor-driven systems.