Monte Carlo-Based Reliability Assessment for Power Systems with High Penetration of Photovoltaic Systems from Inverter-Based Resources

The rapid integration of inverter-based resources, particularly solar photovoltaic (PV) systems, into conventional power grids presents significant challenges for ensuring a stable power supply. This paper drills into the comprehensive reliability analysis of three different power generation system configurations, namely, 100% traditional generation systems (i.e., oil, hydro, coal, and nuclear), 100% solar systems, and a combination of both solar and battery storage systems. The study analyzes critical reliability metrics, including loss of load expectation, loss of energy expectation, loss of load frequency, and energy not supplied across the various power generation configurations by employing the Monte Carlo simulations over 10 years. Simulation results demonstrate the limitations of the solar system as the only generation source that can meet the load demand due to its intermittent nature. Nevertheless, integrating battery storage into the PV systems significantly enhances the overall system reliability, as demonstrated by the reliability metrics. This matter asserts the potential of PV and battery storage systems to serve as sustainable and dependable systems compared with traditional generation systems.