A Comparative Analysis of Grid-Following and Grid-Forming Control Techniques Used in Inverter-based Resources

The future framework for energy systems is expected to be a power grid that is largely powered by renewable energy sources (RESs). The commonly utilized grid-following (GFL) control method for grid-connected converters has difficulties in this configuration, including decreased stability and restricted grid support capabilities. Grid-forming (GFM) control techniques have recently been devised to improve these grid-tied converters' dynamic performance and stability. Among the different types of GFM techniques, scientists widely accept the droop control technique because it is simple to design, easy to scale, and operates as a decentralized control method, making it less reliant on communication links and, therefore, more reliable. Thus, the study presents a comprehensive review of the latest advancements in droop control techniques.