The Role of Hydrogen Fuel Cells in Evolving Electric Vehicle Market

Nowadays the automotive industry is moving towards sustainable transportation solutions. To achieve this Hydrogen Fuel Cell Electric Vehicles (HFCEVs) and Battery Electric Vehicles (BEVs) are two well-known substitutes to traditional Internal Combustion Engine (ICE) vehicles. This paper focuses on individual EV types along with Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities and Threats (SWOTs) and their importance. Also presents the evolution of Hydrogen Fuel Cells (HFCs) in EV applications and the environmental impacts and infrastructure accessibility. The analysis of performance metrics, cost, and prospects emphasizing innovation and government policies is elaborated. This paper also confers the impact of hydrogen engines and the transition from hydrogen engine vehicles to HFCEVs. Finally, a case study on Toyota Mirai is presented to highlight the significance of HFCEV.