Effectiveness of Low-Level Laser Therapy on Brain Derived Neurotropic Factor and Sciatic Function Index in Experimentally Induced Sciatic Nerve Crush Injury Wistar Rat Model

Background: Photo bio-modulation, or bio-stimulation, is the process by which Low-Level Laser Therapy (LLLT) induces a photochemical reaction within cells. LLLT utilizes radiation with a power range of 1-1000 mW and wavelengths from 632 to 1064 nm to promote biological responses. Methods: Eighteen healthy adult male Wistar rats were employed in this study. The rats were randomly divided into two groups of nine. A surgical technique was performed to induce sciatic nerve crush injury. LLLT was applied to assess its effects on the nerve regeneration process. The Sciatic Function Index (SFI) and RT-PCR for Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor (BDNF) were utilized to evaluate nerve recovery. Results: The expression of BDNF and SFI were assessed on days 2 and 21 post-injury. Statistical analysis was conducted using one-way ANOVA to compare the means ± SD between the two groups. Results indicated that LLLT significantly enhanced both BDNF expression and functional recovery, demonstrating accelerated nerve regeneration. Conclusions: Both groups exhibited beneficial effects on nerve regeneration; however, LLLT notably accelerated regeneration in both biological (BDNF levels) and functional (SFI scores) parameters. Keywords: Low-Level Laser Therapy, RT-PCR, Sciatic Nerve, Sciatic Function Index, Wistar Rat