A Study of WSN Topologies for IEEE 802.15.4 ZigBee Standard

Network systems made up of hundreds or even thousands of sensor nodes connected to one another wirelessly to make the WSNs. Sensor nodes perform sophisticated tasks like detecting, gathering, calculating, and routing surrounding data based on predetermined criteria by dispersing into various locations at random or in accordance with a predetermined plan. The IEEE 802.15.4/ ZigBee wireless communication standard was used in this study. It has several advantages over other wireless communication standards, including low power consumption and battery usage. It also offers high performance for short-range sensors and allows for the use of three different band frequencies globally. Furthermore, the RIVERBED Academic Edition 17.5 simulator was employed, which possesses the ability to produce accurate outcomes and conduct analysis to discern the genuine behavior of the actual system. Through the use of this simulator application, the total delay, throughput, mac load, data traffic received, and data traffic sent parameters of the star, tree, and mesh topologies offered by the ZigBee standard were compared. The goal of this paper is to know the optimum topology of the three main topologies star, tree, and mesh. It is discovered that while the star topology outperforms the tree and mesh topologies in terms of data receiving rate, it excels in productivity and data transmission rate. When compared to other scenarios, the mesh topology offers the highest data reception rate. The tree architecture is appropriate for networks with few sensor nodes because it can send data to its destination quickly and without overloading the central node.