Analysis of genetic variants of Alox12 (rs9904779) gene in periodontitis and type 2 diabetes mellitus

Periodontitis , a chronic inflammatory disease affecting tooth-supporting structures, shows increased tissue damage in type 2 diabetes patients, highlighting their bidirectional link. The Alox12 gene, encoding arachidonic acid 12-lipoxygenase, plays a role in inflammation and oxidation . This study investigates Alox12 genetic variants in relation to periodontitis and T2DM. Genotyping of Alox12 rs9904779 in 400 individuals was conducted via PCR-RFLP. Statistical analysis was performed using Epi Info v.7.0, assessing genotype risk via odds ratio (OR) with 95 % CI and p < 0.05 as significant. HWE was evaluated, and genotype/allele frequencies were compared using the Chi-square test. RNA Fold evaluated mRNA structural impacts, while protein-protein docking and visualization were done using pyDOCKWEB. Statistically significant higher prevalence of the heterozygote CG genotype of rs9904779 showed a significant occurrence in the periodontitis patients (OR = 0.13, 95 % CI = 0.062-0.301, p = 0) and periodontitis with T2DM patients (OR = 0.08, 95 % CI = 0.036-0.188, p = 0) when compared to the healthy controls. The mRNA structure stability was found to be better with wild type (−950.68 kcal/mol) than variant (−950.61 kcal/mol). Alox12 was found to be interacting with gingipain and the bond length was found to be 12.731 A. The study highlights a significant association between the Alox12 rs9904779 CG genotype and an increased risk of periodontitis and T2DM, suggesting its potential role in disease susceptibility. Additionally, structural and interaction analyses indicate that Alox12 may influence inflammatory pathways, providing insights into its functional impact. • Study emphasizes the interconnected relationship between periodontitis and T2DM. • Alox12 rs9904779 CG genotype was significantly associated with a higher risk of periodontitis with T2DM, suggesting its role in disease susceptibility. • Wild-type mRNA structure exhibited better stability (-950.68 kcal/mol) compared to the variant (-950.61 kcal/mol), indicating potential functional impacts. • Alox12 interacted with gingipain with a bond length of 12.731Å suggesting a possible role in inflammatory pathways. • The study highlights Alox12 CG genotype as a potential genetic marker for susceptibility to periodontitis with T2DM.