Evaluation of the Ganga Hospital score in predicting outcomes of open tibial fractures

Background: Open tibial fractures, commonly caused by high-energy trauma, are associated with significant morbidity due to the bone’s subcutaneous location and role as a weight-bearing structure. The Ganga Hospital open injury severity score (GHOISS) is a tool used to assess the severity of open fractures and predict outcomes such as limb salvage or amputation, especially in resource-limited settings. Aim of the study was to evaluate the effectiveness of the GHOISS in predicting the outcomes of open tibial fractures. Methods: This cross-sectional analytical study included patients with open tibial fractures admitted to the hospital. GHOISS was used to assess injury severity and predict the need for limb salvage or amputation. Functional outcomes were evaluated using the lower extremity functional score (LEFS). Data on injury mechanisms, fracture classification, treatment methods, and outcomes were collected and analysed. Results: The GHOISS was found to be highly reliable in predicting outcomes. Lower GHOISS scores were associated with better functional outcomes and higher rates of limb salvage, while higher scores correlated with increased likelihood of amputation. LEFS scores correlated well with GHOISS, supporting its clinical validity. Conclusions: The GHOISS is an effective tool for predicting the outcomes of open tibial fractures, improving clinical decision-making and patient management. It can lead to better functional outcomes and more efficient allocation of healthcare resources, particularly in resource-limited settings.