Bardeen stellar objects in f(ℛ,𝒜) modified gravity

This study presents a comprehensive analysis of stellar configurations within the framework of [Formula: see text] gravity, where [Formula: see text] represents the Ricci scalar [Formula: see text] denotes the anti-curvature scalar. This model aims to accurately describe compact stars, bridging general relativity with the modified [Formula: see text] gravity. The research focuses on charged anisotropic matter distributions in static, spherically symmetric spacetimes and employs the Krori–Barua metric to relate the radial ([Formula: see text]) and transverse ([Formula: see text]) components of the line element. Parameter values are derived using Bardeen’s star as the external geometry and observational data from 10 well-known compact stars, including PSR 1937[Formula: see text]+[Formula: see text]21, PSR J1614-2230, 4U 1608-52, Vela [Formula: see text], PSR 1903[Formula: see text]+[Formula: see text]327, LMXC–4, Cen X–3, [Formula: see text], SMX [Formula: see text] and Her [Formula: see text]. The study evaluates various physical properties, such as pressure distribution, equilibrium and stability conditions, energy density, energy conditions, mass function trends and adiabatic parameters, to validate the [Formula: see text] model’s applicability. The findings conclude that the [Formula: see text] gravity model successfully supports the existence of compact stars with remarkable physical characteristics.