Skilled Migration: Sociocultural Perception of Aspiration and Deprivation within Bangladesh

Abstract This paper examines the sociocultural factors that influence international migration decisions among skilled, socially mobile, and mobility-conscious professionals in Bangladesh. Using sociocultural migration theories, such as the aspiration-capability framework and relative deprivation theory, it explores how individuals perceive migration through the lens of their ambitions and constraints. Drawing on semi-structured in-depth interviews and focused group discussions, the study explores the perspectives of both potential migrants and non-migrants on issues such as occupational autonomy, social respect, definitions of success, talent recognition, freedom versus security, and personal and cultural identity within their home country. The findings suggest that, beyond economic considerations, sociocultural dynamics – particularly the role of social prestige – significantly drive skilled migration in Bangladesh. These dynamics shape how individuals express and negotiate their aspirations and limitations within the country’s unique social context. The study further argues that culturally shaped mindsets influence how people communicate, collaborate, and construct their sense of self, ultimately shaping their attitudes toward migration. By offering a societal push-side perspective, this research contributes to the literature on skilled migration by highlighting how generational differences, personal experiences, expectations, and cultural values influence urban middle-class attitudes toward migration.