Urban waterlogging risk assessment in Zhengzhou based on the coupling land surface hazard-pregnant features and underground pipe network operation characteristics

High- tech Zone, Zhengzhou City, Henan, China Province Urban waterlogging has become a challenge with increasing urbanization. To enhance the accuracy of regional waterlogging risk assessment, this study proposes a new waterlogging risk assessment method based on the formation mechanism of urban waterlogging process. The method can quantify the risk of land surface hazard-pregnant and underground pipe network operation under different rainstorm scenarios and determine the regional disaster tolerance capacity of urban rainstorm waterlogging. Our results show that the southeast and northwest corners of the central dense urban area are most prone to waterlogging, which aligns with actual conditions. In a 1-year rainstorm in the study area, suburban and most densely populated urban areas remain risk-free. However, with the increase of rainfall return period, urban flooding occurs across the area, particularly affecting the central dense urban zone. • Quantifying the pipeline network operation risk and land surface hazard-pregnant risk. • Proposing a new waterlogging risk assessment method. • Using fine data to build the SWMM model and various methods to verify the SWMM model. • Showing the changes of waterlogging risk of different land use types under various rainstorm scenarios clearly.