Fuzzy and extensible comprehensive evaluation of the seepage characteristics of dam foundation faults based on projection pursuit determined indicators

In response to the characteristics of seepage in dam foundation faults, the theory of matter-element is introduced to establish a fuzzy extensible model for evaluating the seepage characteristics of dam foundation faults. The projection pursuit method is applied to determine indicators and comprehensively evaluate the seepage properties of the dam foundation faults. Case studies indicate that the seepage flow state of the dam is stable and consistent with actual conditions.