GEODETIC SUPPORT FOR THE IDENTIFICATION AND FORMATION OF LAND RESTRICTIONS FOR HISTORICAL AND CULTURAL PURPOSES

The preservation of historical and cultural heritage is an important component of the national policy of any state. Historical and cultural lands include archaeological sites, historical objects, museum reserves, memorial complexes and other cultural areas. One of the key challenges is to accurately define the boundaries of these areas and their geodetic fixation, which ensures effective control over the use and preservation of such lands. Lack of proper geodetic support can lead to unauthorised construction, illegal land use and destruction of cultural heritage sites. Modern research confirms the effectiveness of using the latest geodetic methods to determine the boundaries of historical and cultural lands and protect them from the negative impact of anthropogenic activities. Geographic information systems (GIS) provide integration and analysis of spatial data, which greatly simplifies the management of information on historical and cultural land plots. GIS is used to create digital maps, identify areas of increased threat of destruction, and model possible changes within cultural heritage areas. The purpose of this article is to analyse the methods of geodetic support for identifying and establishing the boundaries of historical and cultural lands, as well as to develop recommendations for their optimal use. Geodetic support plays a key role in the process of identifying and establishing the boundaries of historical and cultural lands. The use of modern methods, such as GNSS surveying, laser scanning, GPR surveys and GIS technologies, allows for high accuracy in determining the boundaries of these areas. The integration of artificial intelligence and big data technologies opens up new opportunities for automated analysis of changes in the cultural landscape. Important tasks include improving the regulatory framework, increasing the level of funding and developing international cooperation in the field of geodetic monitoring of historical and cultural heritage. The introduction of a digital cadastre, automated monitoring systems and an integrated approach to the protection of these areas will improve their protection and contribute to the sustainable development of cultural heritage.