Evaluation of the Influence of Outdoor Enclosed Space Facade Layout on Wind Comfort at the World Heritage Site

Enhancing the wind comfort of outdoor enclosed spaces is crucial for improving visitor satisfaction at the Maritime Silk Road World Heritage site, with the arrangement of its facade being the primary factor influencing outdoor wind comfort. This study examines 50 outdoor enclosed spaces at Kaiyuan Temple in Quanzhou, a Maritime Silk Road World Heritage site, as the research object. Through on-site measurements and CFD simulations, the influence of different outdoor enclosed space facade layouts on winter wind comfort is compared and analyzed. Here are the findings of the research: (1) The height-to-cross-section ratios of 0.37, 0.47, and 0.27 correspond to the best wind speed comfort, wind speed stability, and wind regulation amplitude. (2) Enclosure rates of 0.06, 0.42, and 0.42 are linked to the ideal wind speed comfort, wind speed stability, and wind regulation amplitude. (3) Optimal wind speed comfort, wind speed stability, and wind regulation amplitude are related to a permeability of 0.03, 0.59, and 0.03, respectively. The conclusions above can serve as scientific references for enhancing the wind comfort of outdoor enclosed spaces in the Maritime Silk Road World Heritage sites.