Evaluation of in vitro Anti-Cancer Activity of Vinorelbine Ditartrate Loaded PLGA Chitosan Nanoparticles Using A549 Human Lung Cancer Cell Line

Background: The purpose of this research was to determine if vinorelbine ditartrate Loaded PLGA Chitosan Nanoparticles have any anticancer effects when tested in vitro. Many different types of cancer may be effectively treated with vinorelbine. However, they have limited medical use due to undesirable side effects. To circumvent these unwanted impacts, a customized drug delivery method was developed, where we have synthesized and characterized vinorelbine ditartrate Loaded PLGA Chitosan Nanoparticles by Box-Bhenken design method, in our previous study. Materials and Methods: In vitro anti-cancer activity of nanoparticles was evaluated by Sulphorodamine B (SRB), MMP Estimation, ROS Estimation and Cellular Apoptosis. Results: The nanoparticles showed IC50 value on A549 is 434.7 at 1000 μg/mL and more cell viability on SRB assay. Nanoparticles slightly increased the MMP in the A549 cells in dose-dependent manner. ROS result indicate that formulation showed anticancer activity due to enhanced production of ROS. The result of DCFDA positive cells events shows 83.58% for unstained, 85.74% for control and 76.73% for vinorelbine ditartrate treated cells which is very close to control and the MFI-positive cells shows 488.40 for unstained, 507.43 for control and 520.66 for treated cells which is comparable to control. Vinorelbine ditartrate significantly raised number of late and early apoptotic cells while decreasing number of viable cells, according to a cell apoptosis experiment conducted on cells after 48 hr of treatment. Conclusion: Vinorelbine ditartrate caused A549 cell death and these data showed that apoptosis was the mechanism by which this occurred. Therefore, NCI-A549 cells may be treated with these nanoparticles.