Application of Nanomaterials in Environmental Protection

In recent years, the rapid development of industry and agriculture has led to increasingly serious environmental pollution problems, resulting in irreversible damage to ecosystems caused by a significant number of pollutants emitted without meeting standards or even released directly. Meanwhile, climate change and frequent appearance of extreme climate aggravate this problem. In pursuit of sustainable development and a cooperative, vibrant future, humanity is increasingly concerned about environmental protection gradually. Nanomaterials exhibit unique properties due to their small size (1-100 nm in at least one dimension), including size effects, quantum size effects, surface effects, and quantum tunneling effects. Whats more, nanomaterials has advanced performances, including electrical conductivity and mechanical strength, making them applicable in various fields and highly significant. This paper reviews the preparation principles and technical defects of nanomaterials and relevant devices. It also introduces the application status of nanotechnology in fields of environmental protection such as air purification, wastewater treatment and environment quality monitoring. Finally, it summarizes the research progress of nanotechnology in environmental protection. Studies show that even though nanotechnology shows tremendous potential, it still faces challenges including technology limitations, cost-effective and environmental security. Addressing these issues will require interdisciplinary research and technological innovation.