Sun-Protective Potential of Morinda citrifolia: Formulation and Evaluation of Herbal Gel

Background This study aimed to formulate and evaluate a sunscreen gel containing Morinda citrifolia (Noni) fruit extract, focusing on its Sun Protection Factor (SPF). Sunscreens are primarily used for photo protection and the experiment explored the efficacy of herbal alternative.Materials and Methods Noni fruit was authenticated and extraction was carried out using aqueous, ethanolic and methanolic solvents. The extracts underwent phytochemical screening to identify bioactive compounds. Various polymers were used to formulate sunscreen gels and their physicochemical properties, including color, texture, appearance, spreadability, extrudability, pH, viscosity and SPF, were assessed.Results and Discussion The ethanolic extract of Morinda citrifolia fruit showed a rich phytochemical profile with alkaloids, flavonoids, phenols and tannins. Formulations F1, F2 and F3 exhibited desirable physical properties, including optimal pH (5.8-7.0), good spreadability, extrudability and viscosity. These formulations demonstrated strong UV absorption (290-320 nm) with SPF values comparable to the marketed product, confirming effective sunscreen activity.Conclusion This study successfully demonstrated the potential of Morinda citrifolia-based herbal gel as an effective sunscreen formulation. With its favorable SPF, compatibility with human skin and excellent physical properties, the gel represents a promising alternative to synthetic sunscreens. The increasing global demand for herbal products underscores the relevance and market potential of such formulations, paving the way for further research and development in this field.