Information leakage resistant quantum dialogue based on Grover’s quantum searching

Abstract This paper proposes a novel information leakage resistant quantum dialogue protocol based on Grover’s quantum searching. This protocol prevents the information leakage problem by directly transmitting the auxiliary two-particle product states from one user to another user. Security analysis proves that this protocol is able to defeat the intercept-resend attack, the measure-resend attack, the entangle-measure attack and the Trojan horse attack from an outside eavesdropper. The qubit efficiency of this protocol after ignoring the eavesdropping check processes is as high as 2/3. This protocol only employs two-particle product states as initial quantum resource, only needs single-particle measurements and does not need to implement quantum entanglement swapping.