Knowledge, attitude and practices among caregivers regarding prevention of unintentional and accidental childhood injuries in preschool children

Objectives The objectives of this study were as follows. To evaluate the knowledge, attitude and practices (KAP) of caregivers of preschool children concerning the prevention of unintentional childhood injuries. To examine the correlation between sociodemographic factors and KAP scores. Material and Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted at the outpatient Department of Paediatrics of a tertiary care centre, enrolling 192 caregivers from April to June 2024. Data were collected using a validated questionnaire administered by the investigators. Statistical analysis was performed using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences version 22, with a P-value <0.05 considered statistically significant. Results Nearly half (46.9%) of the participants demonstrated high KAP scores. Higher KAP scores were significantly associated with higher caregiver education and the socioeconomic status (SES) of the family. A substantial proportion (80.7%) of caregivers recognized falls as a major cause of childhood injuries, while 92.2% acknowledged the risks of children riding as pillion riders on two-wheelers. However, only 74% considered helmet use an essential preventive measure. The prevalence of childhood injuries was reported to be 82.8% , with the majority, 72.9% , being minor injuries such as scrapes or bruises, while serious injuries, including fractures or head trauma, accounted for only 2.6% of cases. Conclusion Higher caregiver education and SES were strongly associated with better KAP scores. However, significant gaps in knowledge and practice, particularly concerning helmet use and children riding two-wheelers, highlight the need for targeted interventions, especially among lower socioeconomic groups.