Optical Corrosion and Relativistic Transformation-Induced Security Vulnerabilities in QKD Systems Using Elliptical Quantum Dots as Photon Emitters

Quantum Key Distribution (QKD) offers unparalleled security, but its implementation is challenged by relativistic effects and photon-induced corrosion. This study investigates the combined impact of these factors on QKD systems employing elliptical quantum dots as single-photon emitters. We develop a theoretical framework to model relativistic transformations, including Doppler shift, gravitational redshift, and time dilation, and their influence on photon polarization states. Photon-induced corrosion is quantified as a probabilistic process, degrading photon states and increasing quantum bit error rates (QBER). Our results reveal that photon corrosion and the Doppler effect dominate QBER, while gravitational redshift and time dilation have smaller impacts. The secure key rate (SKR) is highly sensitive to QBER, emphasizing the need for robust error mitigation strategies. This study provides critical insights for optimizing QKD systems, particularly in high-velocity or satellite-based scenarios. Addressing both environmental and relativistic challenges is crucial for ensuring the reliability and security of QKD implementations.