Exploring the Impact of Green Technology Innovation on Rural Habitat System Resilience

Rural areas play an important role in the energy transition process, and understanding the impact of green innovation on rural habitat system resilience is highly important. Using data from 30 provinces in China from 2011 to 2022, this study employs the entropy method to quantify rural habitat system resilience and examines the relationship between green innovation and rural habitat system resilience using a fixed-effects model. The results indicate that for every one-unit increase in green innovation, rural habitat system resilience increases by 0.012–0.018 units. Robustness tests, including replacing the core explanatory variables, introducing a one-period lag for core explanatory variables, and substituting a fixed-effects model with the system GMM model, confirm the reliability of the findings. Heterogeneity analysis reveals that green innovation has the greatest effect on enhancing rural habitat system resilience in China’s central region. Further analysis demonstrates that green innovation indirectly strengthens rural habitat system resilience by increasing public concern about environmental pollution and reinforcing environmental regulation. These findings provide a scientific basis for improving the environmental resilience of rural communities by integrating life, production, and ecological systems through technological innovation in the context of carbon neutrality. They also contribute to the advancement of sustainable development through nature-based solutions.