Digital intervention in education in the 1990s

The article presents a retrospective analysis of such digital educational technologies as the electronic bulletin board and the World Wide Web during the 1990s. It was this period that laid down the guidelines for the development of not only digital educational technologies, but also the channels and methods for their implementation in the educational process. An electronic bulletin board was a communications system that included a personal computer, one or more modems, one or more telephone lines, a software package, a system administrator, and users. The first of them was developed in 1978, but they began to penetrate into the field of education in the 1990s, due to the speed of Internet connections, as well as the availability of personal computers and the convenience of graphical interfaces. In university practice, they were used for academic discussions, social interaction, collaboration on various projects and learning. Even back then, bulletin boards offered small self-paced courses, assignment writing tools, and discussion forums, effectively becoming one of the first digital educational technologies. They reached their peak in popularity around 1996, but around the same time technology such as the World Wide Web began to spread, eventually replacing electronic bulletin boards by the early 2000s. The World Wide Web, invented in 1989, has spread quite quickly thanks to its free code that does not require licensing or additional costs. For the education sector, the network provided many advantages: it made it possible to establish contacts between different institutions, helped teachers find vacancies, facilitated access to information for applicants, opened up opportunities to write blogs and publish articles and observations for professors, etc.