Performance Measurement of LoRa Modules for Extending Smart Applications to the Things Network

The performance of three LoRa modules with similar characteristics and designs was tested to select suitable options for smart applications. The modules were tested in a specific location in Jordan, which has unique terrains and weather conditions. A GPS module was added to simplify measurements of location and elevation. The data collected included the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR), the received signal strength indicator (RSSI), and benchmark sensor values for temperature and humidity. A Blynk server and Google Sheets scripts facilitated the real-time tracking process and automation of data collection. The results on signal behavior with distance should provide a guide in LoRa module design specification. A low-cost LoRa development board, which achieved over 7.5 Km in range and provided adequate signal stability, was utilized with a gateway to create a LoRaWAN-based system for smart applications. Distribution system. Further integration to The Things Network (TTN) produced promising outcomes for the LoRaWAN-based system, highlighting its potential for sustainable water management solutions.