Screening of Urine Cytology for changes Due to Long Term Effects of Urinary Schistosomiasis in Managil City, Gezira state, Sudan

Schistosomiasis or bilharziasis is water-borne flatworms' affects approximately 200 million people worldwide. This cross sectional laboratory based study to screen urine for cytological changes in urinary Schistosomiasis patients, in individual previously diagnose. From 89 patients (88 male and 1 female) represented the study group voided urine samples collected in sterile container, centrifuged and prepare as monolayer smear, fixed before air dying in 95% ethanol and stain by pap stain. The results was: The majority of study group 36/89 (40%) were workers and 53/89 (60%) students. Most affected group age range (11-20) years. Microscopic examination demonstrate urine crystals 24/89 (27%) samples, while 65/89 (73%) of samples were negative.11/89 (12%) contains yeast cells and 78/89 (88%) were negative. 5/89 (6%) contains urine cast and 84/89 (94%) were negative. Positive cases as follow: 3/5 hyaline cast and 2/5 cellular cast. Most of the smears were hypocellular (3-5 cells/field). Cellularity according to the type of cells: normal urothelial cell present in (9) samples (10%) intermediated epithelial cells present in (8) samples (9%). Corpora amylacea present in (5) samples (6%). Condyloma acuinatum present in (1) sample (1%). Cells show Koliocytosis similar to that of cervical infection. One patient has hematouria (1%) with elements indicate active cystitis. In addition to this sample another (16) samples to give total 17/89 that account (19%).Follow up is necessary to avoid untreated complications that may develop later on.