Urogenital anomalies in children with anorectal malformations: a single institution observational study

Of the 156 patients with ARM studied for associated urogenital anomalies, 91 (58.3%) were females with a male-to-female ratio of 0.7:1 and a median age of 12 months (IQR = 1-24). Forty-six of them (29.5%) had urogenital anomalies, of whom 22 (14.1%) had isolated urologic anomalies and 20 (12.8%) had both urologic and genital anomalies. Renal anomalies were found in 34 (21.8%) patients. The association between gender and genital anomalies was significant, <i>χ</i> ² (1), <i>N</i> = 156 = 4.09, <i>p</i> = 0.04. The type of ARM has a highly significant association with genital anomalies <i>χ</i> ² (11), <i>N</i> = 156 = 21.95, <i>p</i> = 0.009. Males were less likely to exhibit urogenital anomalies [OR = 0.386, 95% CI (0.15-0.995), <i>p</i> = 0.048]. Children with complex ARM have 3.4 times genital and 2.3 times urinary anomalies than less complex forms. In summary, urogenital anomalies are the most common anomalies occurring in association with anorectal malformation. Genital anomalies have an association with gender with more occurrence in females. Children with complex anorectal malformations have a higher chance of urogenital anomalies.