Evaluation of anxiolytic effect of aqueous extract of Garcinia indica seeds using open field test

Background: Anxiety is a common psychiatric condition frequently encountered in medical practice. While benzodiazepines like Diazepam are widely used as anxiolytics, they come with long-term adverse effects. Garcinia indica (Kokum), a natural herb, is believed to have anxiolytic properties without these drawbacks. This study aimed to evaluate its anxiolytic potential as a safer alternative. Method: Wistar albino rats (n=32) were divided into four groups (8 per group) and administered orally with distilled water (0.5 ml), Diazepam (1 mg/kg), Garcinia indica (1.75 gm/kg), and Garcinia indica (3.5 gm/kg), respectively. Anxiety was assessed using the open field test, measuring parameters like the number of lines crossed, central square entries, rearing, grooming, immobility, and urination. Data were analyzed using one-way ANOVA followed by Tukey’s test. Results: Both doses of Garcinia indica and Diazepam significantly increased central square crossings and improved behavior such as rearing, grooming, and immobility. However, Garcinia indica did not significantly affect urination or number of lines crossed compared to the control. Diazepam significantly reduced number of lines crossed compared to Garcinia indica (3.5 gm/kg). Conclusion: Garcinia indica demonstrated significant anxiolytic effects comparable to Diazepam, suggesting its potential as a safer alternative for anxiety management.