A Multichannel Metasurface for Multiprotocol Quantum Key Distributions

Multiprotocol quantum key distribution (mQKD) enables users to flexibly select protocols for secure quantum communication, though achieving mQKD introduces considerable system complexity and resource demands. Here, we report the first realization of mQKD using a metasurface, which generates multiple hybrid states of photonic spin angular momentum (SAM) and orbital angular momentum (OAM) and distributes them to different users. The incident polarization-entangled photon pair interacts with the metasurface, producing four SAM-OAM hybrid states with high fidelity through spin-orbit conversion. Among these hybrid states, two execute the BB84 protocol, while the other two perform the BBM92 protocol, all demonstrating high secret key rates and low quantum bit error rates. This approach provides a robust, compact solution for generating and distributing SAM-OAM hybrid states and stands out for the remarkable capability of a metasurface in secured information processing.

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Publication Details

Journal
Nano Letters
Published
2025-04-24
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.nanolett.5c00868
Citations
2
Primary Topic
Quantum Information and Cryptography
Type
article
Field-Weighted Citation Impact
4.96

Funders

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A Multichannel Metasurface for Multiprotocol Quantum Key Distributions

Rui Xia Zhong, Dong‐Xiang Qi, Wenjie Tang, Mu Wang et al.
2 citations
Nano Letters
Quantum Information and Cryptography
4.96
article

A Multichannel Metasurface for Multiprotocol Quantum Key Distributions

Rui Xia Zhong, Dong‐Xiang Qi, Wenjie Tang, Mu Wang, Ru‐Wen Peng, Ren‐Hao Fan, Hulin Zhang, Yifei Liu, Zheng Wang, Yue Jiang, Ziyu Wang
article en
2 citations

Abstract

Multiprotocol quantum key distribution (mQKD) enables users to flexibly select protocols for secure quantum communication, though achieving mQKD introduces considerable system complexity and resource demands. Here, we report the first realization of mQKD using a metasurface, which generates multiple hybrid states of photonic spin angular momentum (SAM) and orbital angular momentum (OAM) and distributes them to different users. The incident polarization-entangled photon pair interacts with the metasurface, producing four SAM-OAM hybrid states with high fidelity through spin-orbit conversion. Among these hybrid states, two execute the BB84 protocol, while the other two perform the BBM92 protocol, all demonstrating high secret key rates and low quantum bit error rates. This approach provides a robust, compact solution for generating and distributing SAM-OAM hybrid states and stands out for the remarkable capability of a metasurface in secured information processing.

Nano LettersVol. 25(18)
Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures (CN), Nanjing University (CN)
National Natural Science Foundation of China, Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province, National Key Research and Development Program of China
Openalex Percentile: Top 6%
Quantum Information and Cryptography
4.96
DOISourceOpenAlex
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