Development of a Self-Healing, Tissue-Adhesive, and Bacteriostatic Guar Gum-Based Hydrogel for Enhanced Wound Healing and Tissue Regeneration

A guar gum (GG)-grafted-(polydimethylamino-<i>co</i>-polyacrylamido sulfonic acid) [GG-<i>g</i>-(PDMAEA-<i>co</i>-PAMPS)] hydrogel was developed as a promising material for wound dressings. The hydrogel was synthesized by grafting poly(dimethylaminoethacrylate) (PDMAEA) and poly(acrylamidopropyl sulfonic acid) (PAMPS) onto guar gum (GG), and its structure was confirmed by Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) analyses. Rheological assessments demonstrated its mechanical robustness and self-healing properties while swelling studies revealed pH-sensitive behavior. Biocompatibility was confirmed through cell viability assays, showing minimal cytotoxicity and the hydrogel exhibited a bacteriostatic effect against <i>Escherichia coli</i>, <i>Staphylococcus aureus,</i> and <i>Enterococcus faecalis</i>. In a rat full-thickness chronic wound model, the hydrogel significantly accelerated wound healing, enhanced collagen deposition, reduced inflammation, and promoted angiogenesis. These results underscored the potential of the GG-<i>g</i>-(PDMAEA-<i>co</i>-PAMPS) hydrogel as an effective solution for chronic wound management.