Minute-scale dynamics of recurrent dike intrusions in Iceland with fiber-optic geodesy

Continuous geodetic measurements near volcanic systems can image magma transport dynamics, yet resolving dike intrusions with high spatiotemporal resolution remains challenging. We introduce fiber-optic geodesy, leveraging low-frequency distributed acoustic sensing (LFDAS) recordings along a telecommunication fiber-optic cable, to track dike intrusions near Grindavík, Iceland, on a minute timescale. LFDAS revealed distinct strain responses from nine intrusive events, six resulting in fissure eruptions. Geodetic inversion of LFDAS strain reveals detailed magmatic intrusions, with inferred dike volume rate peaking systematically 15 to 22 min before the onset of each eruption. Our results demonstrate DAS's potential for a dense strainmeter array, enabling high-resolution, nearly real-time imaging of subsurface quasistatic deformations. In active volcanic regions, LFDAS recordings can offer critical insights into magmatic evolution, eruption forecasting, and hazard assessment.

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Publication Details

Journal
Science
Published
2025-04-24
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1126/science.adu0225
Citations
11
Primary Topic
Seismic Waves and Analysis
Type
article
Field-Weighted Citation Impact
20.53
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article

Minute-scale dynamics of recurrent dike intrusions in Iceland with fiber-optic geodesy

Elijah Bird, Halldór Geirsson, Zhongwen Zhan, Elías Rafn Heimisson et al.
11 citations
Science
Seismic Waves and Analysis
20.53
article

Minute-scale dynamics of recurrent dike intrusions in Iceland with fiber-optic geodesy

Elijah Bird, Halldór Geirsson, Zhongwen Zhan, Elías Rafn Heimisson, Ettore Biondi, Simone Puel, Shane Zhang, Valey Kamalov, A. T. Klesh, Vala Hjörleifsdóttir, Qiushi Zhai, Jiaxuan Li, Xiaozhuo Wei, Theodór Gunnarsson
article en
11 citations

Abstract

Continuous geodetic measurements near volcanic systems can image magma transport dynamics, yet resolving dike intrusions with high spatiotemporal resolution remains challenging. We introduce fiber-optic geodesy, leveraging low-frequency distributed acoustic sensing (LFDAS) recordings along a telecommunication fiber-optic cable, to track dike intrusions near Grindavík, Iceland, on a minute timescale. LFDAS revealed distinct strain responses from nine intrusive events, six resulting in fissure eruptions. Geodetic inversion of LFDAS strain reveals detailed magmatic intrusions, with inferred dike volume rate peaking systematically 15 to 22 min before the onset of each eruption. Our results demonstrate DAS's potential for a dense strainmeter array, enabling high-resolution, nearly real-time imaging of subsurface quasistatic deformations. In active volcanic regions, LFDAS recordings can offer critical insights into magmatic evolution, eruption forecasting, and hazard assessment.

ScienceVol. 388(6752)
California Institute of Technology (US), Reykjavík University (IS), Google (United States) (US), Jet Propulsion Laboratory (US), University of Iceland (IS), Moody's Corporation (United States) (US), University of Houston (US)
Openalex Percentile: Top 0%
Seismic Waves and Analysis
20.53
DOISourceOpenAlex
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