Security of Data Migration to the Cloud. Analysis of Challenges and Threats

Migration to cloud technologies has become an integral part of the modern business environ-ment, providing organizations with flexibility, scalability, and cost-effectiveness. However, the process of transferring data to the cloud is accompanied by several challenges, among which ensuring the integrity and confidentiality of information are a priority. In war conditions, back-up processes and data migration to the cloud become especially important. Thanks to these processes, it is possible to protect data from destruction as a result of massive kinetic attacks and cyberattacks. More and more organizations are choosing cloud solutions instead of local environments. According to 2022 data, 93 % of technology leaders reported that their organi-zations rely primarily on cloud solutions in various forms, compared to 83 % two years ago, and 48 % say that their infrastructure is primarily hybrid, compared to 40 % two years ago. At the same time, the number of respondents who indicated that their organizations mainly use on-premises environments has halved to 7 % [1]. The example of the Russian-Ukrainian war shows that migration processes will take a significant amount of time due to resource issues and legal conflicts. Given that the legislation regulating the cloud services sector was adopted shortly before the full-scale invasion, Ukraine did not have much time to implement it. At the same time, it is important to note that Ukraine began to adapt quickly to new realities. The most important requirements for backup and migration processes are ensuring data confidenti-ality and integrity. Given this, this study will analyze regulatory requirements, threats and countermeasures, and existing gaps.