[Trajectories and prevention of cardiovascular-kidney-metabolic syndrome risks in children and adolescents].

Children and adolescents are in a critical period for the development of the heart and blood vessels, kidneys and metabolic systems. The health risk accumulation of the cardiovascular-kidney-metabolic (CKM) system formed at this stage has a significant trajectory characteristic and affects health in adulthood. This article elaborates on the multi-stage process from adipose tissue dysfunctional to systemic inflammation, clarifies its initiating role in metabolic homeostasis, explores the bidirectional mechanism between metabolic risk factors and early kidney damage, and establishes the pivotal role of the metabolism-kidney axis in disease progression. It also analyzes the evolution of sub-clinical cardiovascular changes from functional changes to organic damage and establishes a model of the vicious cycle between hemodynamic abnormalities and metabolic disorders. It is advocated that the prevention and control of cardiovascular, renal, and metabolic risks in children and adolescents should be implemented through policy support, a healthy lifestyle, early screening and long-term monitoring, and stratified intervention.