Study of Serum Calcium, Magnesium, and Fasting Insulin Level in Patients with Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome

A BSTRACT Background: Polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) is a common hormonal disorder affecting reproductive-aged women. Early diagnosis and management of PCOS are crucial to prevent or mitigate potential long-term health consequences. Objective: The aim and objective of this study is to assess serum calcium, magnesium, and fasting insulin levels among PCOS patients. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional study was carried out in 100 newly diagnosed untreated cases of PCOS attending the out-patient department of Endocrinology of Bangladesh Institute of Research and Rehabilitation in Diabetes, Endocrine and Metabolic Disorders (BIRDEM) General Hospital, Dhaka from March 2021 to September 2023. Detailed clinical history, physical examinations, and initial investigations were done. A structured questionnaire was used to collect relevant information. Statistical analyses were performed using SPSS-22 on a Windows-based system. Results: Of the 100 cases analyzed, the average age of the participants was 25.18 years, with the majority (73%) falling in the 19-28 years age range. Most of the individuals had a BMI in the obesity category (75%). The mean fasting insulin was 81.67 ± 95.02 (μIU/ml) in Serum Ca level < 8.4 mg/dl and 21.20 ± 20.56 (μIU/ml) in Serum Ca level belonged to 8.4-10.4 mg/dl. The mean fasting insulin was 21.55 ± 20.77 (μIU/ml) and 50.80 ± 78.54 (μIU/ml) in Mg level > 1.0 (mmol/l) and Mg level belonged to 0.7–1.0 (mmol/l) respectively. There was a significant positive correlation between the Homeostatic Model Assessment for Insulin Resistance (HOMA-IR) and metabolic factors such as neck circumference ( r = 0.239; P < 0.017) and fasting insulin ( r = 0.564; P < 0.001). Conclusion: This research unveiled a positive correlation between fasting insulin levels and serum calcium and magnesium among individuals with PCOS. However, no significant association was observed with HOMA-IR.