Design and application of a standard clock system based on Beidou co-site controlled crystal oscillators

A unified and precise time source is a prerequisite for supporting the real-time interaction of source-grid-load-storage systems and serves as a critical safeguard for implementing carbon neutrality strategies and market-based transactions. The demand for high-precision time-frequency measurements in metering faces challenges in accurately synchronizing time-frequency values in low-voltage distribution areas, transmitting time-frequency values, and synchronizing clocks across heterogeneous networks. However, the current Network Time Protocol (NTP) synchronization technology, with its millisecond-level accuracy, is inadequate, particularly for metering devices that rely on Beidou/GPS time sources, which lack online metering and monitoring capabilities. This paper employs Beidou satellite common view technology for real-time clock comparison, converting measured time deviations into frequency deviations. A Digital-to-Analog(DA) controller is then used to adjust the oscillator's voltage, stabilizing the crystal oscillator for precise control. The developed low-cost, highly reliable standard clock device addresses the issues of low time synchronization accuracy, the absence of effective time value transmission, and the lack of online monitoring.