Sustainable replanting practices to meet increasing palm oil demand in Indonesia and Malaysia

Abstract The increasing demand for palm oil in Indonesia and Malaysia is driving the need for sustainable replanting practices. Various products, including food items and biodiesel, contribute to the global demand for palm oil, leading to a signi+icant expansion of oil palm plantations. This growth has raised environmental concerns, particularly deforestation and land degradation. The purpose of this article is to explore and analyze replanting practices that enhance both productivity and sustainability in the palm oil industry. The methodology involves a comprehensive literature review to identify innovative replanting approaches implemented in Indonesia and Malaysia, and to propose a multifaceted strategy combining modern breeding techniques, precision farming, and sustainable land-use planning. The method includes gathering and analyzing relevant research sources, followed by mapping the problems and solutions related to oil palm replanting. The +indings from this review provide insights into the challenges faced and the future initiatives necessary to improve the sustainability and resilience of the palm oil sector.