Cellulose Nanofiber/Chitosan/Polyrotaxane foam alloy for sustainable form-stable phase change materials

• This study introduces a novel sustainable CNF/Chitosan/PLR foam alloy as a support material for form-stable PCMs. • The PCM composite exhibits exceptional melting enthalpy values of 181.1 J/g. • The foam alloy is a promising solution for addressing key challenges in leakage prevention and sustainability. This study introduces a novel cellulose nanofiber (CNF)/Chitosan (CH)/polyrotaxane (PLR) foam alloy as a form-stable PCM support material. The CNF/CH/PLR aerogel demonstrates a well-balanced porous structure with effective encapsulation of polyethylene glycol (PEG). Combining PLR with CNF/CH, the PEG leakage resistance was significantly improved. The resulting CNF/CH/20 %PLR-PEG composite exhibits exceptional enthalpy values of 181.1 J/g, along with superior mass retention rates under melting. These findings highlight the potential of this bio-based composite for advanced thermal energy storage systems, offering a sustainable and efficient solution for energy-efficient applications.