Privacy for All: Empowering Vulnerable Groups with Diversity-Oriented Online Protection

Vertical data flows (e.g., those directed toward companies) are challenging to understand even for technically knowledgeable adults, exposing them to privacy risks. Vulnerable groups with limited experience or cognitive abilities face even greater risks. To support these users in protecting their privacy online, it is essential to understand their perceptions of data flows and privacy needs. This dissertation employs a mixed-method participatory approach involving children, seniors, and individuals with cognitive disabilities. Initial focus groups have explored their understanding of vertical data flows, privacy risks, and protective measures. Building on these insights, co-creation workshops aim to develop tangible cues that enhance privacy awareness, literacy, and self-efficacy with minimum cognitive load. The effectiveness of these tools will be tested longitudinally, allowing iterative improvements to better suit the needs of these vulnerable groups. The goal is to achieve comprehensive and diverse empowerment, ensuring tailored privacy protection for everyone.