BLUP and AMMI synergy: a comprehensive approach for <i>Gossypium barbadense</i> genotype stability and yield assessment

ABSTRACT Increasing temperatures and irregular weather patterns make the selection of stable, high‐performing, regional‐specific G. barbadense cultivars essential. Nineteen G. barbadense genotypes were evaluated over five consecutive seasons (2019–2024). The PCA of the first two interactions revealed 96.2% of the variation, with significant genotype–environment interactions. According to Additive Main Effects and Multiplicative Interactions‐1 analysis, genotypes G8 and G18 consistently excelled across all environments with high mean yields. Genotypes G4, G14, and G16 were more stable throughout the tested years. Genotypes G18, G13, G2, G5, and G7 were identified as stable and high yield based on Best Linear Unbiased Prediction (BLUP) – Harmonic Mean of Genotypic Values (HMGV), Relative Performance of Genotypic Value (RPGV), and Harmonic Mean of the Relative Performance of Genotypic Value (HMRPGV) according to their stability parameters. Based on the Weighted Average of Stability (WAASB) and Mean Performance (Y) (WAASBY), genotypes G12, G18, G13, and G7 exhibited high stability and yield performance. BLUP outperformed all other AMMI family members in accuracy when more genotypes were tested. The WAASB is an ideal tool for discerning variations and identifying stable genotypes among all methods, and these genotypes can be used as the best parental lines in breeding programmes for changing climate conditions.