ESG Integration and Green Computing: A 20-Year Bibliometric Analysis

As businesses increasingly prioritize sustainability, integrating Environmental, Social, and Governance (ESG) principles with green computing has emerged as a critical strategy. However, research remains fragmented regarding how these two domains interact within the Triple Bottom Line (TBL) framework. This study conducts a bibliometric analysis of 750 articles published between 2004 and 2024, using multiple correspondence and co-citation analyses to identify key trends. The findings highlight a strong correlation between green computing practices and improved economic outcomes. The results indicate that China and the United States lead research output in this field, with a significant rise in publications post-2018, driven by regulatory pressures and corporate sustainable initiatives. Our findings emphasize that companies integrating green computing with ESG strategies can achieve long-term financial sustainability while meeting environmental and social responsibilities. This study provides insights from business leaders, policymakers, and researchers by identifying critical gaps and future research directions, including industry-specific applications and policy frameworks to accelerate ESG adoption in technology-driven enterprises. Future research should address practical challenges in implementing these practices across different industries and explore the long-term impacts of ESG integration on business performance.